Except as hereinafter provided, no person shall construct, use, or maintain upon, over or under the surface of any public right-of-way or public ground (hereinafter public right-of-way), of the city any encroachment intended to be permanent unless and until such public right-of-way shall have been vacated according to the laws of the state of Iowa and an easement is granted by the city council to so construct, use or maintain the encroachment.  (Ord. 86/T-5127).